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The origins of the
Garifuna are intertwined with the cultures of the Carib and Arawak indigenous
people of Antilles islands. British ships carrying Africans destined
for a life of slavery floundered and sank off the coasts of Caribbean
islands such as St. Vincent. Those who managed to get ashore set the
scene for the emergence of the Garifuna culture.
There are
many Garifuna communities along the Caribbean coast of Central America,
the largest in Honduras. Yet, while the Guatemalan community is somewhat
smaller, the ties to their heritage continue to be current and strong.
In the small town of Livingston on the Caribbean coast, the friendly,
outgoing Garifuna make up the majority of the population. Celebrations
of holidays and religious festivities are carried out with a singular
passion characteristic of their rich African heritage.
Punta is possibly the most popular and well known of the Garifuna's
celebratory activities.
Believed to be crucial for fertility, punta is a sensual and rhythmic
dance most often performed by women. Punta is danced at social gatherings
and other special occasions.
Yankunu or Wanaragua is a dance reserved for men wearing fierce masks
and is representatiev of their warring ancestors.
Aside from dancing and celebratory rites, the Garifuna are well known
for their wood carving abilities. Using woods such as oak and cedar,
they carve religious figures such as saints and images of the Virgin
Mary that are often used during Easter week.
These people are an integral part of the Guatemalan cultural mosaic.
Just as the Maya indigenous groups of Guatemala have different traditions,
languages and dress, the Garifuna continue to hold true to their unique
and complex origins.
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